Question : Mangarh hillock is related to the:

Bhil tribal freedom movement of 1913
peasant movement guided by religious mendicants of 1820s
uprising of indigo farmers against the indigo planters in 1859
armed rebellion organised by class of military retainers against East India Company's rule in India in 1817

• A team from the National Monuments Authority recently submitted a report on declaring  Mangarh hillock in Rajasthan as a monument of National Importance in the year of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, to the Minister of State for Culture. 
• 1500 Bhil tribal freedom fighters were brutally killed by the British army on 17th November 1913.  Mangarh, the hillock in Banswara District,
• Rajasthan was visited by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi when he was Chief Minister of Gujarat and the local Bhil tribals had been demanding the Mangarh hills to be declared as National Monument.
• In 1913 some bhils revolted under the headship of a social reformer Govindgiri and Dhirji Punja which was suppressed in November 1913. Hundreds of bhils were shot dead at the Mangarh hillock,  mini Jalianwala bagh massacre.

Source: PIB

Question :
To work on process of implementing local governance laws
Defining the powers of the Secretary of State for India
Imposing censorship on national press
To study the development of education

Hunter Commission Report of 1882

• A Commission under the chairmanship of William Hunter, a member of the executive council of the Governor-General of India, was appointed in 1882. It was the first commission which gave wide and comprehensive recommendations on education in Indian context.
• Consider different aspects of education in India, paying particular attention to primary education.
• Enquire into the execution of Wood’s Despatch of 1854 and suggest ways to improve outcomes of the same
• The main aim of the Commission was to assess the implementation of the recommendations of Wood's Despatch; the position of Primary Education. The Attitude of the government towards private enterprise.
• Therefore, option ‘D’ is correct.

Question :

1. Indians were given membership to the Imperial Legislative Council for the first time.
2. It introduced separate electorates for the Muslims
3. Legislative council were empowered to move resolution on the budget and any matter of public interest

1 and 2 only
3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3

The Government of India Act of 1909:

• The Indian Councils Act 1909, commonly known as the Morley-Minto or Minto-Morley Reforms, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that brought about a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of British India
• Indians were given membership to the Imperial Legislative Council for the first time.
• Therefore, statement 1 is correct
• It introduced separate electorates for the Muslims. Some constituencies were earmarked for Muslims and only Muslims could vote their representatives.
• Therefore, statement 2 is correct
• The 1909 Act also for the first time gave members of the Council power to move resolutions on any matter of general public interest, except matters of foreign affairs and armed forces.
• Therefore, statement 3 is incorrect

Question : Consider the following statements regarding the Lodhi dynasty:

1. Sikandar Lodi destroyed many Hindu temples and imposed many restrictions on the Hindus.
2. Sikandar Lodi was defeated and killed by Babur in the first battle of Panipat.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Lodis (1451-1526)

• The Lodis, who succeeded Sayyids, were Afghans. Buhlul Lodi was the first Afghan ruler while his predecessors were all Turks. He died in 1489 and was succeeded by his son, Sikandar Lodi.
• Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517) was the greatest of the three Lodi sovereigns. He brought the whole of Bihar under his control, many Rajput chiefs were defeated.
• He attacked Bengal and forced its ruler to conclude a treaty with him, and extended his empire from the Punjab to Bihar.
• He was a good administrator. Roads were laid and many irrigational facilities were provided for the benefit of the peasantry.
• Despite certain laudable qualities, he was a bigot. He destroyed many Hindu temples and imposed many restrictions on the Hindus. Yet, he was one of the great Lodi sultans who made the sultanate strong and powerful. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.
• Sikandar Lodi was succeeded by his eldest son Ibrahim Lodi who was arrogant. He insulted his nobles openly in court and humiliated them. Those nobles who revolted were put to death.
• His own uncle, Alauddin revolted. Daulat Khan Lodi, the governor of the Punjab was insulted and disaffection between king and courtier became very common.
• Greatly displeased by the arrogance of Ibrahim, Daulat Khan Lodi invited Babur to invade India. Babur marched against Delhi and defeated and killed Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat (1526). Therefore, statement 2 is incorrect.

Question : With reference to modern Indian history, Individual Satyagraha launched during 1940s because
 
To oppose Indians participation in Second world war without the consent of Indian people
The Individual Satyagraha was to seek independence
Many political parties were not in favour of a mass movement
The Cripps Mission proposals failed to satisfy Indian nationalists

The British Colonial government had committed India into the Second World War without the consent of the Indian people. 
To oppose this decision by the foreign government, the Congress party decided to launch individual satyagraha.
On October 17, 1940, the Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi had chosen Acharya Vinoba Bhave as the first satyagrahi (proponent of satyagraha) to start personal satyagraha (movement which meant holding to the truth) and Jawaharlal Nehru as the second.